List of the Largest Cities in India

India is one of the largest countries in the world with an estimated population of 1,372,236,549. Researchers predict that this population will rise to higher than 1.5 billion in the next 50 years. Of course, most of these numbers are based on estimates as an official census has not been conducted in India since 2011, but another is scheduled for 2021. Find out why India is growing and which of its cities are largest. About India The country of India, formally called the Republic of India, occupies much of the Indian subcontinent that is located in the southern portion of Asia. India is second only to China in population, though it is expected to surpass Chinas population before long. In addition to being one of the worlds largest democracies, India is one of the worlds fastest-growing countries in terms of both population and economy. Why Is India Growing? There are a few key reasons that Indias population continues to soar. The first reason is its fertility rate of about 2.33. For reference, the average replacement fertility rate, which sustains a countrys population exactly because there is no net change in the number of people between generations, is 2.1. In other words, a woman must have 2.1 babies (the 0.1 allows for barriers to a womans reproduction or childs maturation such as death, infertility, etc.) in her lifetime in order to ensure that she and her partner are replaced when they die. Indias fertility rate being over 0.2 above this replacement rate means there are more births than deaths. The majority of Indias growth, however, is attributed to  urbanization and increasing levels of literacy, though it  is still considered a developing nation.  Indias economy is boosted by huge quantities of agricultural and industrial exports. Largest Cities in India India covers an area of 1,269,219 square miles (3,287,263 sq km) and  is divided into 28 different states and seven union territories. Several of Indias capital cities are some of the largest cities in the world. The following is a list of the top 20 largest metropolitan areas in India as of a 2011 census.   Largest Cities in India City State/Territory Metropolitan Population City Proper Population 1. Mumbai Maharashtra 18,414,288 12,442,373 2. Delhi Delhi 16,314,838 11,034,555 3. Kolkata West Bengal 14,112,536 4,496,694 4. Chennai Tamil Nadu 8,696,010 4,646,732 5. Bangalore Karnataka 8,499,399 8,443,675 6. Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 7,749,334 6,731,790 7. Ahmedabad Gujarat 6,352,254 5,577,940 8. Pune Maharashtra 5,049,968 3,124,458 9. Surat Gujarat 4,585,367 4,467,797 10. Jaipur Rajasthan 3,046,163 3,046,163 11. Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 2,920,067 2,765,348 12. Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 2,901,474 2,817,105 13. Nagpur Maharashtra 2,497,777 2,405,665 14. Indore Madhya Pradesh 2,167,447 1,964,086 15. Patna Bihar 2,046,652 1,684,222 16. Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 1,883,381 1,798,218 17. Thane Maharashtra 1,841,488 1,841,488 18. Vadodara Gujarat 1,817,191 1,670,806 19. Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 1,728,128 1,728,128 20. Pimpri-Chinchwad Maharashtra 1,727,692 1,727,692 Cities and Metropolitan Areas Metropolitan Area Vs. City Proper The largest cities in India are the largest cities in India no matter how you slice it, but their rankings shift a little when you consider entire metropolitan areas, the suburbs surrounding cities, rather than only cities proper.  Some Indian cities are much smaller than their metropolitan areas—it all just depends on how many people are living in a citys center.

Slavery in the Caribbean - 2119 Words

The period of slavery was characterised primarily by one protracted war launched by those enslaved against their enslavers’ (V. Shepherd). Discuss with special reference to the anti-slavery activities of enslaved Africans. Ra’Monne Darrell Gardiner 410004250 Caribbean Civilization Professor C. Curry University of the West Indies November 23rd, 2010 â€Å"Where ever there was slavery, there was resistance† (University of the West Indies 86). Before the arrival of the first African slave ship, until the expansion of Maroon communities and the birth of Creolized Africans, slaves have resisted and resented the hostile confinements of slavery. The harsh realities of slavery left many enslaved persons feeling maladjusted to†¦show more content†¦It is important to note the reason for African slave resistance. African born slaves revolted because â€Å"Slaves born in Africa who conceived of resistance as all-out war in African style to destroy the alien plantations or separate entirely from them† (qtd in Knight 242). These slaves could still remember the freedom they once shared in their homeland and resisted in every way to regain that freedom. Many African slaves would attempt to regain that freedom by running away and forming Maroon communities. Upon arrival into the new world many slaves would run away as ano ther attempt to escape slavery; initiating another transition in slave rebellion, from African dominated to maroonage. Maroonage was a powerful expression of slave resistance because it allowed slaves to enjoy the freedom they once had or longed to have. Running away from plantations was a frequent practice. It was often attempted when there was hope of great success such as the availability of mountainous areas or dense forests. This was common in Caribbean countries such as Jamaica, Trinidad, Cuba, Hispaniola and Dominica. While in the new world, slaves had a better opportunity to achieve freedom by escaping from plantations rather than waiting to be emancipated or to be regarded as free. Maroon communities were formed and grew rapidly. This caused the ratio of White to Black to become disproportionate and strength ruled in favour of the Africans. The enslaved commonly retreated to the mountainsShow MoreRelated Caribbean Slavery Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesCaribbean Slavery Starting in the seventeenth century, the European colonization of the Caribbean changed drastically as exploration gave way to exploitation. As the great wealth that the Caribbean held became more evident to the European colonizers, a rush of profit hunters stormed the area and flooded it with slavery. The massive introduction of slavery as the major form of labor organization in the Caribbean changed social organization radically. The plantation system thrived and expanded throughRead More Slavery in the Caribbean Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesSlavery in the Caribbean The beginning of slavery in the Caribbean can be traced back to the emergence of piracy in the 16th and 17th centuries. This eventually led to the promotion of slave trading and sugar plantations. While enslaved on the sugar plantations, slaves were treated very poorly. Plantation owners treated their slaves so poorly that most were undernourished and diseased. Slaves were even forced to work on their spare time to provide for their own needs. Needless to say, slavesRead MoreSlavery On The Islands Of The Caribbean890 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery has existed throughout history and has yet to become fully extinct. Slavery is when someone else (human) has ownership of another human. In the ancient world slavery was very popular and not perceived as something wrong. The main source of slaves was prisoners of war. Slavery become a cycle, a slave’s children also became slaves and so on, it was hereditary. Some people sold their children or themselves into slavery to escape starvati on. As society became more advanced, slavery became a hugeRead Moreimpacts of slavery in the caribbean2584 Words   |  11 Pages How did the African slavery impact the Caribbean region between1640-1985? Introduction When the Europeans switched from tobacco to sugar cultivation, the plantation needed more lands and more labour. The labour present came from the Tainos, whose population decreased from abuse, and could not meet the labour demands. The Europeans brought free labourers from Europe, but they could not be forced to work under the conditions demanded by the encomenderos. The church suggested the use ofRead MoreEssay on History of Slavery in the Caribbean720 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Slavery in the Caribbean The institution of slavery has played a major role in the history, and the shaping of the Caribbean. Therefore, in order to truly understand the Caribbean one must completely understand slavery itself. Slavery can be defined as belonging to a person, or being treated like a piece of property, and not having any individual freedom This was essentially the life many Africans lived for many centuries in the Caribbean . The master’s had total freedom and controlRead MoreSlavery Vs Indentureship in the caribbean1951 Words   |  8 PagesHistory SBA Slavery and Indentureship can be described as two of the most horrible historic happenings to occur. They share numerous differences as well as Similarities, which make us, question whether Indentureship was disguised as a form of slavery or not. Chattel slavery, otherwise known as traditional slavery is a system under which people are treated as property and are forced to work. Slaves could be held against their will  from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived  ofRead More Importance of Slavery to the Caribbean Essay2863 Words   |  12 PagesImportance of Slavery to the Caribbean The significance of the role played by slaves in the history of the Caribbean cannot be overemphasized. Nearly everything that defines the Caribbean today can be traced back to the advent of Africans to the sugar plantations several centuries ago. For this reason it is impossible to ignore the issue of slavery when studying the history of the Caribbean, as we are doing in this class. Through our numerous readings on the status of slaves and their treatmentRead More The End to Slavery in the Caribbean Essay examples1245 Words   |  5 PagesThe End to Slavery in the Caribbean The Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) was the first successful slave revolt in the Caribbean, and it was one of the most important events in the history of the Americas. Along with the obvious human rights benefits that the Haitian Revolution achieved, there were some serious setbacks for the nation as well. Between 1783 and 1789, Saint Domingue was the foremost sugar producer in the region, but by the end of the war the economy was completely destroyedRead MoreEssay on Religious Justifications of Slavery in the Caribbean3525 Words   |  15 PagesReligious Justifications of Slavery in the Caribbean The doctrine of Christianity grants eternal life to all persons who accept that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and choose to follow him. Such a statement leaves little room for interpretation of the scripture itself. Nevertheless, the nineteenth century Christian churches of the Caribbean Islands created a racial distinction between humans which determined who could and who could not be granted eternal life through the Christian faith. ThisRead More The Social Impact of Slavery on the Caribbean Society Essay1336 Words   |  6 PagesThe Social Impact of Slavery on the Caribbean Society In order for us to understand the Caribbean, we must acknowledge the tremendous social impact slavery placed upon the islands. We must not only consider the practice of slavery dating back to the indigenous peoples, but from what the introduction of the African slave trade did to the islands economically as well as culturally. In this paper let me reflect on slavery in the Caribbean not from an economical standpoint but, from the racial or

Climate Change Policy Memo Free Essays

Discussion Section: 9 TA: Jose Emilio Lopez Word Count: 800 Addressed to the honorable Senators John McCain and Joseph Lieberman. Objective To ensure the passage of the Climate Stewardship Act, S. 139, in the US Senate before the November 2004 presidential election. We will write a custom essay sample on Climate Change Policy Memo or any similar topic only for you Order Now Strategy The recent passage of the energy bill has opened an opportunity for the passage of the Climate Change Stewardship Act. Furthermore, the results of the voting of the amendment presented by Senator Lieberman in October, 2003, show that there is already considerable support. We need to keep building momentum around this issue, and propose some of the following actions. Knowing which states have voted against the Act, it will be important to map out the motivations behind these votes and address them accordingly. For coal intensive states, the loss of income and unemployment that the adoption of cleaner technologies might bring is a big concern. Creating funds to aid them in the transition is not as important as shedding light in the opportunities that the modernization of the coal industry can yield. Coal and other fossil fuels will not be displaced in the short term as renewables are still beyond the required reliability, but investing in cleaner coal is feasible and can have a high return, helping boost a stagnant industry, creating knew jobs, and attracting investment for RD of renewables, smart grids, and carbon capture and storage technologies. Further evidence about the real costs and benefits that new technologies present should be available from MIT and similar sources. Additionally, some states that voted against the amendment could be considered as highly vulnerable to climate change related phenomena such as flooding, hurricanes, and severe droughts. Reliable data related to the increasing incidence of such events in Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and other mid western states, will help us convince their representatives on the need to act not only to take advantage of carbon storing crop opportunities, but also to protect their vulnerable agriculture industry and the population. It is essential to build a stronger case about the market opportunities related to climate change. It was the United States task force who proposed the â€Å"flexible mechanisms† to be incorporated in the Kyoto Protocol, and all the Annex I countries but the US have been receiving the benefits of such tools. The US has failed to take advantage of global carbon markets and related commercial opportunities worldwide, and is also missing the opportunity to achieve emission reduction targets at a lower cost. The global markets in which US companies like to drive is setting high competitive standards and truly global companies will need to adapt to the standards whether nationally adopted or not, so why lag behind them. At this point, the government might find in the private sector a partner to share the cost and risks related to the investment in cleaner technologies. To convince Senators about this argument, it will be important to use advocates such as the Ford Motor Company and IBM. These flag companies are anticipating future regulations and turning the situation into a competitive advantage. Other big market players in the electricity, transportation, industry and commercial sectors might find similar advantages in their own business models. This can help minimize the perception that climate change regulation is a means to control the market, and show that it can actually help create new markets, increase opportunities for low carbon business and promote the creation of jobs. In terms of international relationships, the passage of the Act can be presented as means to create the right environment for investments that could eventually reduce the dependence of the US on imported fossil fuels, which is as a matter of national security. Given the current climate around the war in Iraq, the Act can be seen as a low risk and low cost alternative to a costly war. Additionally, there is great concern that any local emission reduction action is meaningless if developing countries don’t establish emission reduction targets. It can be argued that the US needs to establish high internal emission reduction targets, even if it doesn’t ratify the Kyoto Protocol or other international agreements, to recover moral leadership and global negotiation power around this issue. The media is already supportive of the cause so we need to keep working with them to maintain the climate change in the minds of the population in general to keep putting pressure on the candidates. As with highly vulnerable states, more attention should be brought to the minds of the average citizen of the vulnerability of US territories and not only faraway territories in third world countries. It is important to monitor the results of negotiations in the House of Representatives to feed into this strategy and amend the arguments we will present to the different key players accordingly. Scientific evidence regarding the potentially harmful events of greenhouse gases (GHG) cannot be ignored. Yet, some might argue that the emissions are due to causes other than human and might be reluctant to change consumption patterns. While data regarding the harmful effects of GHG upon climate, ecosystems and human life, other areas need to be supported by evidence, such as job creation, growth derived from innovation, and other benefits related to decreasing dependency in foreign fuel supply. Climate change will have adverse impacts in several communities. The most vulnerable communities in the United States will be those closear to the Gulf of Mexico. Traditionally poor and marginal states, will face the harshest conditions as their economic activities depend largely on the yield of crops. Hurricanes and changes in the rain patterns can have severe impact in the already vulnerable economies of these states. When looking at the map of states that voted against this we should devide them into those which are vulnerable to climate effects and voted against to convince them on increasing economic pressures derived from inaction in their own states and neighboring states (peer pressure). Then, with those that depend primarily n fossil fuel exploitation (coal mines, oil fields) we should work on the benefits of increase research and development of low carbon technologies within the fossil fuel industry, investment in research and development of cleaner fuels and more efficient processes can be accompanied by technology transfer tax breaks. Emphasis should be made on the fact that this newer industry will create an increasing amount of g reen jobs the young population could benefit from. It means shifting maintenance investment in the oil and gas industry to the development of a whole new industry that will yield high paying specialized jobs. The research and development community is a key ally in trying to convince state governments in secure resources funds for RD of low carbon technologies. Try to capture talent within states. A new green economy brings opportunity for all and a great chance for stagnating and polluting industries to recapture investment in research and development. Development of smart grids, renewable energy projects, carbon capture and storage, doesn’t compete with the current energy industry but will allow for a long term shift into a more sustainable future while creating high paying and wealth creating jobs. Reducing the dependence on imported oil might also allow the US government to reinvest savings from cut in oil trade in the states with highest oil production in the cleaning of their industries, aiming to increase efficiency and capture GHG gases. While there are still doubts on whether climate change is due to human activity or not, the fact is that there are countries that have used the opportunities climate change presents to invest in overseas markets and claim great benefits from voluntary carbon markets. This would allow to improve the US reputation around the World and regain moral leadership. Adaptation Mitigation Evidence needs to be collected One of the main obstacles in past negotiations was the unfairness of the developing countries not having binding reduction targets, in part because any reductions of emissions in the US would benefit only third world countries in the most vulnerable regions. But some US governments have failed to recognize the vulnerability of some US states close to the coast, river basin and other deserted areas (i. e. Florida, Mississipi, Texas, Lousiana, South Carolina, Georgia). Inaction against climate change will affect these traditionally relegated states. Evidence about the vulnerability of these regions will be key in trying to convince the congressmen representing them to vote in favor of the bill. Even if a great share of emissions are not necessarily connected to human activities (although there is worldwide consensus about the fact that it does) the fact is that temperatures are rising, and there is a need to stabilize CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. This in itself is an opportunity for innovation, and given worldwide attention to this issue the cost of action will be shared by many countries. If the US fails to act now, the cost of action in years to come might be considerably higher because the country will not be able to share the risk of the investment with other developed economies. It means maintaining leadership in the energy industry, while opening new channel for investment and efficiency, and the creation of a new set of consumption patterns, beneficial for stagnant and even contracting businesses (coal industry). How to cite Climate Change Policy Memo, Papers